Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders of movement that occurred due to insult to the growing brain. Signs and symptoms vary from child to child. Symptoms include poor coordination, stiff muscles, weak muscles, and tremors.
There may be problems with sensation, vision, hearing, swallowing, and speaking. Often babies with cerebral palsy do not roll over, sit, crawl, or walk as early as other children their age.
Difficulty with the ability to think or reason and seizures each occurs in about one third of people with CP. While the symptoms may get more noticeable over the first few years of life, the underlying problems do not worsen over time
History of cerebral palsy    
CP occurs in about 2.1 per 1,000 live births. It has been documented throughout history with the first known descriptions occurring in the work of Hippocrates in the 5th century BC. Extensive study of the condition began in the 19th century by William John Little, after whom spastic diplegia was called "Little disease". William Osler first declared the name of it  as cerebral palsy .
Why it occurs?
Cerebral palsy is caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. Most often the problems occur during pregnancy; however, they may also occur during childbirth, or shortly after birth. Often the cause is unknown. Risk factors include preterm birth, being a twin, certain infections during pregnancy such as toxoplasmosis or rubella, exposure to mercury during pregnancy, a difficult delivery, and head trauma during the first few years of life, among others. About 2% of cases are believed to be due to an inherited genetic cause. A number of sub-types are classified based on the specific problems present.
 For example, those with stiff muscles have spastic cerebral palsy, those with poor coordination have ataxic cerebral palsy, and those with writhing movements have athetoid cerebral palsy. Diagnosis is based on the child's development over time. Blood tests and medical imaging may be used to rule out other possible causes.
 What will be treatment approach?
Management of cerebral palsy is done by multi sectorial approaches.
 There is no cure for CP but supportive treatments, medications, and surgery may help many individuals. Supportive treatments include early stimulation therapy, developmental therapy, occupational therapy, and speech and language therapy , seating and feeding therapy,drooling therapy. Visual stimulation,psychological stimulation.
Medications such as diazepam, baclofen, and botulinum toxin may help relax stiff muscles. Surgery may include lengthening muscles and cutting overly active nerves.
Often external braces and other assistive technology are often helpful. Alternative medicines are frequently used but there is no evidence to support their use. A number of potential treatments are being examined, including stem cell therapy. However, more research is required to determine if it is effective and safe. Some children have near normal adult lives with appropriate treatment.
How it will be prevented?
CP is partly prevented by some simple action. Proper antenatal check up by gynecologist. Delivery in health care centre under supervision by trained health care provider. Thorough immunization of the mother.