Significance of Ramazan

Fasting is one of the duties to be performed by Muslims according to Islamic Shari’ah.  In Islam, much importance has been attached to fasting.  But, fasting is an ancient and universal practice to many religions. The Romans, the Babylonians, the Cynic, Stoic, Pythagorean and Neo-Platonist philosophers commended fasting. The followers of Hinduism, Jainism, Confucianism and Zoroastrianism practice it. History bears testimony to the fact that fasting was in vogue in China, Korea, Japan, Egypt and Greece. It was also practiced by the Jews. They observe an annual fasting on the day of atonement in commemoration of the descent of Moses from Sinai after spending 40 (forty) days of fasting in order to be able to receive revelation. Jesus Christ observed fasting for 40 (forty) days in the desert and commanded his followers to fast. In brief, the practice of fasting has been common in one form or the other in all human societies and fasting like prayer is an old institution and has been prescribed by many in the past.

Among the most important duties for a Muslim fasting is one during the Islamic month of Ramzan, which is the 9th of the 12 months in the Islamic lunar calendar. Before the advent of Islam, fasting was resorted to by way of repentance or penance, or as a mark of mourning, or to celebrate some particular occasion, or to ward off an apprehended danger, or to control a prevailing epidemic, or to gratify and please a deity or to persuade the diety to achieve a certain desired end. The form of fasting also differed. For example, Jews ate only once in 24 (twenty-four) hours. Among Hindus, the restriction applies only to cereals whereas eating of fruits or taking of liquids during fasting is not prohibited. In fact, in ancient faiths and creeds, the objects of fasting were very limited, the intention generally being self-mortification, asceticism or the satisfaction of some other urges.

Islam has prescribed fasting for every adult Muslim in the form a month-long period of abstinence accompanied by intensive devotional activity which constitutes the third of the compulsory acts of worship. The month of  Ramzan has been fixed for fasting - this month being the month of revelation of the Holy Quran. The word ‘Ramzan’ (Arabic pronunciation) also called Ramazan, Ramzan or Ramdan, has been derived from ‘Ramd’ meaning to burn (to burn selfish desires). During fasting,  participating Muslims refrain from eating, drinking and sexual activities from dawn to sunset. Fasting is a very effective  means of spiritual development for mankind. It is obligatory for each Muslim, apart from some exemptions, to fast in the month of Ramzan.

Allah Almighty gradually revealed numerous verses about the month of Ramzan and the rules of fasting. In light of these divine injunctions, Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) expounded the merits of fasting, its significance, regulations, benefits and great reward. Although fasting is binding on every adult Muslim, there are relaxations for one who may be sick or on a journey. Allah Almighty says in the Holy Quran: “The month of Ramzan is that in which the Holy Quran was revealed, a guidance to men and clear proofs of the guidance and the distinction; therefore whoever of you is present in the month, he shall fast therein, and whoever is sick or upon a journey, then (he shall fast) a (like) number of other days; Allah desires ease for you, and He does not desire for you difficulty, and (He desires) that you should complete the number and that you should exalt the greatness of Allah for His having guided you and that you may give thanks.” (Surah Al- Baqarah, Ayat:185)

Many praiseworthy  names such as “the auspicious month” and “the best period for the recital of Al-Qur’an” have been mentioned for the month of Ramzan. But the name “the month of Allah” is the most appropriate for the month of Ramzan. This month is specifically called “the month of Allah” due to its great importance. Thus this name has in itself endowed this month with a special superiority and a specific spirituality.

Fasting, in Arabic, ‘as-Sawm’, means abstinence, refraining, to be at rest, and it implies abstention which includes refraining totally from eating, drinking, smoking and sexual intercourse for a certain period of time, generally from dawn to dusk. It means to refrain intentionally from what breaks fasting. After dusk they can eat, drink and have relations.

Fasting is not just refraining from food and drink. The purpose of fasting is more spiritual than physical and it is a means of devotion to God as well as self-discipline. Fasting purifies and trains the body and soul together. To carry out the orders of Allah and to attain piety as Almighty says in the Holy Quran: “O you who believe! fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may guard (against evil). For a certain number of days; but whoever among you is sick or on a journey, then (he shall fast) a (like) number of other days; and those who are not able to do it may effect a redemption by feeding a poor man; so whoever does good spontaneously it is better for him; and that you fast is better for you if you know.” (Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayats:183-184)

Allah Almighty has commanded this sanctified duty and enjoined it on the Muslims, as He had enjoined it on the believing nations before. With the advent of the Holy month of Ramzan, Allah bestows His servants with His blessings. A special enlightenment and serenity generate in the spirit of man. For the worshipping of Allah, the purification of the soul, and moral reformation, a special preparedness becomes manifest in those who maintain sawm. On the last Friday of the month of Shaban, the Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) stated the following concerning the magnificence and value of “the month of Allah”. “O people! the month of Allah, along with its blessings and salvation, has revealed itself to you. It is a month which is regarded as the best of all the months by Allah. Its days, nights, and hours are the best of all. It is a month in which you are invited to be the guest of Allah and are entitled to His favour and generosity.” In this month, your breathing will have the thawab of tasbih saying “Subhanallah” (Glory be to Allah) and dhikr and your sleeping will have the thawab of the worship of Allah.” “If you resort to Allah in this month and worship Him, Allah will grant your prayers. Therefore, with all your truthfulness and sincerity and with a pure heart pray to Allah to grant you His Divine dispensations for having sawm and reciting the Holy Qur’an, for one who remains deprived of the forgiveness and blessings of Allah in this bountiful and blessed month is indeed unfortunate.”

It is enjoined that during fasting one should pay attention to remembrance of Allah Almighty and study the Holy Quran in abundance. One should try to curtail one’s worldly pastimes as much as possible during Ramzan, and to be particularly inclined towards charity and alms giving. The Holy Quran speaks about fasting: “It is made lawful to you to go unto your wives on the night of the fast; they are an apparel for you and you are an apparel for them; Allah knew that you acted unfaithfully to yourselves, so He has turned to you (mercifully) and removed from you (this burden); so now be in contact with them and seek what Allah has ordained for you, and eat and drink until the whiteness of the day becomes distinct from the blackness of the night at dawn, then complete the fast till night, and have not contact with them while you keep to the mosques; these are the limits of Allah, so do not go near them. Thus does Allah make clear His communications for men that they may guard (against evil).
Islam is a very considerate religion and fasting is easy.” (Surah Al-Baqarah,  Ayat:187)

Human life is dependent on food and drink and the continuation of the human race depends on the marital relationship. While fasting one refrains from them both, as if bearing witness to God that for His pleasure man gives up the factors (temporarily) upon which his very existence depends. The various other benefits of fasting are that man gets to exercise sacrificing physical comfort and to endure hunger and thirst. Fasting creates a sense of equality between the rich and the poor. By developing an appreciation of hunger and thirst, it makes the well-off think of the needs of the poor and impresses a feeling of compassion in their hearts. It makes them appreciate, through the practicality of it, the state a human being endures when hungry and thirsty.

Normally fasting is done for religious and spiritual reasons but it has lot of benefits for health. Fasting achieves a physiological rest to the digestive, assimilative, and protective organs. Next, the bodily energy normally used to digest and assimilate food is now used to purify our body. Fasting is a safe and effective means of maximizing the body’s self-healing capacities. Fasting is very good for the human body as well. It gives the stomach and other organs a rest and alters the blood sugar levels so that excess energy is depleted, and then later renewed. It makes the body lean and the mind open. Fasting is a healthy change to the eating patterns of humans and it is beneficial in many ways.

In the month of Ramzan, a Muslim’s abstaining from food, drink, sexual intercourse, etc., during the prescribed hours is the very manifestation of obedience to the Creator’s will. This self-deprivation represents a state of self-control and of overcoming carnal pleasure, desire and enjoyment, for the blissful love of Allah, His proximity, and the eagerness to desires. It is a triumph of pristine love over one’s pleasures for the eternal ones promised by God, the Almighty. This response to the Divine commandments represents and incarnates true servitude and is a brilliant display of spirit, intellect and decisive willpower. To receive the reward in full without reckoning. Rasulullah (SAW) said: “A man’s good acts are recompensed many times, from ten times to 700 times. Allah, the Exalted, says ‘But a fast is an exception because it is undertaken simply for My Sake) i.e., there is no limit for it’s recompense) and I, Alone shall bestow the reward for it.” [Muslim 6/2566 to 6/2568]

With its specific characteristics, the sawm plays an exceptionally effective role in the liberation of man from the servitude of ambitions, carnal desires and voluptuousness as well as in the purification of the soul from involvement in sinful acts. Rasulullah (SAW) told Hazrat Jabir ibn ‘Abdillah al-Ansari (RA): “O Jabir! this is the month of Ramzan and the one who has sawm during the day and stays awake at night to commune with Allah, abstains from eating haram food, and guards against evils and using abusive language, gets out of sins as he leaves the month of Ramzan behind.” Hazrat Jabir (RA) said: “O Prophet of Allah! what a good news is it!” The Holy Prophet (SAW) stated: “O Jabir, how demanding and exacting are the conditions for the sawm!”

By fasting, a Muslim expresses his submission to Allah’s command, his response to His will, and control over his own desires and wishes at the Allah Almighty’s behest. To enter Paradise. Hazrat Abu Umamah (RA) said: I asked the Prophet,’O Allah’s Messenger! guide me to a deed with which I may enter Paradise. “He replied,’ Observe fasting; there is nothing like it.’” [An-Nassai, Ibn Hibban, and al-Hakim]. Any body who in this month (Ramzan) cultivates good manners, will walk over the ‘Sirah’ (Paradise’s bridge) on the Day when feet will tend to slip....” (‘Uyun al¬-Akhbar, al-Rida - Prophet’s sermon). To enter through the gate of Ar-Rayyan on the Day of Judgement. Rasulullah (SAW) said: “There is a gate of Ar-Rayyan on The Day of Resurrection and none except them will enter through it.” [Al-Bukahari 3/31/120, Muslim 5/2239 and 5/2240].

By fasting, a person keeps himself from the pleasures of life, with no preventive or hindering factor, except that of obeying Allah Almighty and showing genuine devotion to His commands. A Hadith of Prophet (SAW) succinctly explains this fact: “A fasting person is in a state of worship, even when (asleep) in bed, except when he backbites another Muslim.” (Al-Kafi, al- Kulayni, “The Book of Fasting” 3rd Edition, vol.4, p.190) “... Every breath you take is (has the reward of) Tasbih (praise to Allah) and your sleep is worship...” (Uyun al-Akhbar al-Rida - the Prophet’s sermon).

In a moving speech, the Prophet of Islam Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) described the believing soul that fasts for love of Allah out of truthfulness and sincerity, and thus the whole day becomes an alter of worship, and each and every activity of the fasting body, provided it abstains from loathsome acts, is nothing but worship embodied. Rasulullah (SAW) described the sleep of a fasting Muslim, even the very breathing, as acts of worship, because they emanate from a body regarded as being in a state of continual worship through abstaining from tasting delicious and lawful things, solely out of obedience to the Creator. He Himself extols fasting and attributes as a special blessing for mankind as is clear from a ‘Hadith-e-Qudsi’: Rasulullah (SAW) said: “Allah Almighty says: ‘Fasting is (exclusively) for Me and I will reward it.” (Al-Bukahari)

For Muslims, fasting has a number of benefits: (i) It helps one to feel compassion for those who are less fortunate and underprivileged, since each day Muslims feel greater appreciation for what they have as a result of feeling hunger and thirst. (ii) It allows one to build a sense of self-control and willpower, which can be beneficial throughout life in dealing with temptations and peer pressure. Through fasting, Muslims learn to control their natural urges such as hunger and thirst, and thus are able to better resist temptations for things which are not necessary, such as drugs or other unhealthy or harmful substances and behaviors. (iii) It offers a time for Muslims to “purify” their bodies as well as their souls, by developing a greater sense of humility, spirituality and community. Ramzan is a very spiritual time for Muslims, and often they invite each other to one another’s homes to break the fast and pray together. A greater sense of generosity and forgiveness is also characteristic of this time.
Generally we consume lot of foods daily and burden our body with some unwanted calories in our body which results in accumulation of different toxins in our body which are cause for different diseases. Our body needs process of eliminating or neutralizing toxins through the colon, liver, kidneys, lungs, lymph glands, and skin. This process is precipitated by fasting because when food is no longer entering the body, the body turns to fat reserves for energy. When the fat reserves are used for energy during a fast, it releases the chemicals from the fatty acids into the system, which are then eliminated through our body.

Fasting is intended to teach Muslims about patience, humility and spirituality and is a time for Muslims to fast for the sake of Allah and to offer more prayer than usual. During month of Ramzan, Muslims ask forgiveness for past sins, pray for guidance and help in refraining from everyday evils, and try to purify themselves through self-restraint and good deeds. The sawm serves as a strong shield against the fire of the Hell. To get protection from Hell-Fire, Rasulullah (SAW) said: “When a person fasts for a day, for the sake of Allah, Allah drives away the Hell-Fire from him to a distance of seventy years of traveling.” [Al-Bukahari: 4/52/93 and Muslim 6/2570 to 6/2572]
There are several effect and benefits such as purification, rejuvenation, revitalization, and rest for digestive organs, clearer skin, anti-aging effects, improved senses, hearing, taste, and reduction of allergies, weight loss, drug detoxification, and better resistance to disease, spiritual awareness. Fasting is helpful to clear out the problems that have arisen from overeating and a sedentary lifestyle. The process of decomposing and eliminating waste toxic materials can improve or even cure various diseases: cardiovascular and circulatory diseases, diseases of digestive system, diseases of the loco motor system including rheumatism, respiratory system diseases including asthma etc.

The inner significance of fasting lies in the fact that it trains the minds of men and women and elevates their moral aptitude. It restrains the passions by abstinence and thus the fast achieves control over the physique and the mind those who keep fast. The fasts restrain man and woman from mere and selfish desires as well as worldly ill thoughts.   To expiate one’s past sins. Rasulullah (SAW) said: “whoever observes Sawm (fasting) during the month of Ramzan, out of sincere faith, and hoping to attain Allah’s Rewards, then all his past sins will be forgiven.” [Al-Bukahari 1/2/37 and 3/32/231]
Fasting can be used to normalize our weight. As our common sense says, weight reduction is achieved by fasting, along with other health benefits. There are many diet programmes using an unbalanced diet that can be dangerous for our health. Carefully planned fasting is a natural way to normalize our body weight. Fasting dissolves all unnecessary and unnatural fat deposits all over the body and the body is relieved of a tremendous burden. When we fast for a few days, the stomach shrinks to its normal size and the hungry feeling gradually fades away. When we go back to the normal diet, we won’t have exaggerated hunger and would not overeat.

As compared to the solar calendar, the dates of Ramzan vary, moving backwards about ten days each year depending on the moon. Muslims believe Ramzan to be the month in which the first verses of the Holy Quran were revealed to the Prophet of Islam Hazrat Muhammad (SAW). To get the intercession on the Day of Judgment, the Prophet (SAW)  said, “On the Day of Judgment, fasting and Al-Qur’an will intercede for the person who observes fast and recites the Holy Qur’an.” [Ahmed] To get a granted invocation (supplication). Rasulullah (SAW) also said:’ Three kinds of invocations are to be granted; the invocation of the person who observes fast, the invocation of an oppressed person, and the invocation of a traveler.” [Al-Silsilah as-Sahiha no. 1797]
Fasting is primarily a spiritual discipline aiming Divine nearness. The importance of Siyam in Ramzan is clearly expressed in several sayings of the Prophet (SAW). It is reported by Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA) that the Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) said: ‘He who fasts during Ramzan with faith and seeks his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven; he who prays during the night in Ramzan with faith and seeks his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven; and he who passes Lailat al- Qadr in prayer with faith and seeks his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven.’ (Bukahari and Muslim)

Self-control is also learnt from fasting. Fasting helps body in self-regulatory way of functioning. It helps the body to gain back its vitality. Fasting also acknowledges the feeling of appetite and makes us think about poor people in our society thus it also leaves great concern for society in which we live. But always we should keep in mind that after fasting we should not cherish our body with unhealthy food otherwise the purpose of fasting will be ruined as well as there will be bad effects on our health.

Fasting in Ramzan is practiced by Muslims all over the world. The most significant aspect of Siyam is the development of Allah-consciousness (Taqwa) in the heart and the soul of a fasting Muslim. One must abstain from immoral behavior and attitude as well. Refraining from food and such is essential during fast but it is not sufficient. Rasulullah (SAW) is reported to have said: ‘If one does not abandon falsehood in words and deeds, Allah has no need for his abandoning of his food and drink.’ (Al-Bukahari)

The practices of Islamic fasting are designed to divert human mind towards righteousness through a process of self-denials. Fasting constitutes a process of self-purification, self-righteousness, and spiritual development of one self. Fasting in Islam is not prescribed to cause undue hardship. Muslims arise early in the morning during the month of Ramzan to have a pre-dawn breakfast meal, known as Suhoor. At the end of the day, the fast is completed by taking the Iftar meal, which usually includes dates, fresh fruits, appetizers, beverages and dinner. Later in the evening, Muslims attend special nightly Taraweeh prayers at their local Masjid. Each night during Holy Ramzan, approximately 1/30th of the Al-Quran is recited in the Taraweeh prayers, so that the entire scripture is recited in the course of the 29 or 30 days of the month. Fasting is also done outside of this month and is considered a very good form of voluntary worship in devotion to God. A voluntary fast can last as many days as the person wills, but it must not fall on an Eid day.

Dr. Muhammad Abdul Munim Khan is Assistant Professor of Islamic Academy and Head of the Dept. of Islamic Studies & Da’wah, Darul Ihsan University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka. Director, Islamic Research Division, Institute of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW). E-mail :[email protected]

Fasting during the Holy month of Ramzan is a religious obligation for all Muslims. 1.5 billion Muslims of the world celebrate their holiest month of Ramzan every year. It is an obligation on every adult and healthy Muslim to fast during the Holy month of Ramzan. Fasting is a total abstention from eating, drinking and sexual relations from dawn to dusk for 29 or 30 days of the Holy month of Ramzan. Also, avoiding immoral behavior and anger and showing compassion is part of the requirements of the fasting. This article focuses on the significance and importance of fasting in the Holy month of Ramzan.

Fasting is considered to be important to Muslims because the edifice of Islam or Islamic faith is built on five pillars: Shahadah (or the declaration of faith), Salat (prayer five times a day), Sawm (fasting), Zakat (poor-due or paying alms to the needy), and Hajj (the holy pilgrimage to Ka’bah at Makkah). These five pillars, which constitute the fundamental principles of Islam embracing all the essential factors of ethical laws, evolve into a practical code of life for humanity. They are unique and unrivalled in their spirit and actions and redolent of a spiritual flair for mankind.

Ramzan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, rotates round all the seasons of the year and completes a full circle in 36 years, thus allowing the believers to observe fasting under all climatic conditions. Regarding when to start fasting, narrated Hazrat Ibn Umar (RA.): I heard Allah’s Apostle (SAW) saying, “When you see the crescent (of the month of Ramzan), start fasting, and when you see the crescent (of the month of Shawwal), stop fasting; and if the sky is overcast (and you can’t see It) then regard the crescent (month) of Ramzan (as of 30 days)”. (Bukhari)

Surely, the month of Ramdhan has been named so because it scorches away the sins. In another hadith, the Messenger of Allah (SAW) says, “Ramzan has come to you. (It is) a month of blessing, in which Allah covers you with blessing, for He sends down Mercy, decreases sins and answers prayers. In it, Allah looks at your competition (in good deeds), and boasts about you to His angels. So show Allah goodness from yourselves, for the unfortunate one is he who is deprived in (this month) of the mercy of Allah, the Mighty, the Exalted.” (Tabarani) Hazrat Abu Umamah (RA.) said: I asked: ‘O Messenger of Allah! tell me of an action by which I may enter Paradise’. He said: ‘Take to Fasting, there is nothing like it.’ (Nasa’ee, Ibn Hibban, Al-Hakim)

Fasting, especially during Ramzan is considered to have great spiritual value, and it is believed that fasting will allow you to get closer to Allah by means of Taqwa (piety, being conscious of Allah). Fasting is a means of attaining Taqwa and Taqwa means doing that which Allah has enjoined and avoiding that which He has forbidden. Muslims believe that fasting allows them to appreciate God and how much He does for them, as well as inducing empathy for those less fortunate. The Holy Qur’an says: “O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious). (Fasting) for a fixed number of days, but if any of you is ill or on a journey, the same number (should be made up) from other days. And as for those who can fast with difficulty, (i.e. an old man, etc.), they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a poor person (for every day). But whoever does good of his own accord, it is better for him. And that you fast, it is better for you if only you know.” (Surah Al Baqarah:183-184)

Gradually, Allah Almighty revealed numerous other verses about the month of Ramzan and the rules of fasting. The month of Ramzan is also the month in which the Holy Qur’an was revealed to Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) in piecemeal basis over a period of 23 years. The Prophet (SAW) was the most generous amongst the people, and he used to be more so in the month of Ramzan when Gabriel (AS.) visited him, and Gabriel (AS.) used to meet him on every night of Ramzan till the end of the month. The Prophet (SAW) used to recite the Holy Qur’an to Gabriel (AS.), and when Gabriel (AS.) met him, he used to be more generous than a fast wind (which causes rain and welfare). It has been stated in the Holy Qur’an: “The month of Ramzan in which was revealed the Qur’an, a guidance for mankind and clear proofs for the guidance and the criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramzan), he must fast that month, and whoever is ill or on a journey, the same number (of days which one did not fast must be made up) from other days. Allah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you. (He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allah for having guided you so that you may be grateful to Him.” (Surah Al Baqarah:185)

In light of these divine injunctions, Holy Prophet (SAW) expounded the merits of fasting, its significance, regulations, effects, benefits and great reward. Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) said: The month of Ramzan is the month in which Allah, The Mighty, The Glorious, has made fasting obligatory upon you. So one, who fasts in this month in a state of belief and with the intention of recompense, shall become free of his sins just as he was on the day when his mother gave him birth.” (Tahdhib al-Ahkam) There are in the month of Ramzan in every day and night those to whom Allah grants freedom from the Fire, and there is for every Muslim an supplication which he can make and will be granted.” (Al-Bazzar, Ahmad)

Hence, fasting is one of the pillars of Islam and a religious duty for all those who believe in monotheism, and consequently, whoever denies it is an unbeliever. The Prophet (SAW) used to pray (at night) in Ramzan. Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA.) related that the Prophet (SAW) said: “Whoever fasts during Ramzan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. Whoever prays during the nights in Ramzan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. And he who passes Lailat al-Qadr in prayer with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

Reward of the month of Ramzan: Surely, the month of Ramzan is a great month. Allah Almighty multiplies in it the good deeds, erases in it the sins and elevates in it the ranks. And it (the month of Ramzan) is the month of patience, and surely, the reward of patience is Paradise. Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) was asked: O’ Prophet of Allah! Which of the two months possesses a greater reward, Rajab or the month of Ramzan? Prophet (SAW) replied: “Nothing can be compared to the month of Ramzan in terms of reward.” He said: “O’ People! Surely, the month of God has approached you. The month which, in the eyes of Allah, is the most virtuous of the months. Its days are the best of the days and its nights, the best of the nights and its moments, the best of the moments.” He also said: It (Ramzan) is the month, whose beginning is mercy, its middle, forgiveness and its end, emancipation from the fire (of hell). (Bihar al-Anwar)

Fasting means abstaining not only from eating, drinking and indulging in sexual activity with the spouse from pre-dawn to sunset, but from all kinds of evils and useless activities. In fact, it is the month of seeking Allah’s pleasure and praying to Him for one’s Salvation. Narrated Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA.): Allah’s Apostle (SAW) said, “Allah said, ‘All the deeds of Adam’s sons (people) are for them, except fasting which is for Me, and I will give the reward for it.’ Fasting is a shield or protection from the fire and from committing sins. If one of you is fasting, he should avoid sexual relation with his wife and quarreling, and if somebody should fight or quarrel with him, he should say, ‘I am fasting.’ By Him in Whose Hands my soul is’ The unpleasant smell coming out from the mouth of a fasting person is better in the sight of Allah than the smell of musk. There are two pleasures for the fasting person, one at the time of breaking his fast, and the other at the time when he will meet his Lord; then he will be pleased because of his fasting.” (Bukhari)

 

 

Significance of Ramazan

Fasting is one of the duties to be performed by Muslims according to Islamic Shariah. In Islam, much importance has been attached to fasting. But, fasting is an ancient and universal practice to many religions. The Romans, the Babylonians, the Cynic, Stoic, Pythagorean and Neo-Platonist philosophers commended fasting. The followers of Hinduism, Jainism, Confucianism and Zoroastrianism practice it. History bears testimony to the fact that fasting was in vogue in China, Korea, Japan, Egypt and Greece. It was also practiced by the Jews. They observe an annual fasting on the day of atonement in commemoration of the descent of Moses from Sinai after spending 40 (forty) days of fasting in order to be able to receive revelation. Jesus Christ observed fasting for 40 (forty) days in the desert and commanded his followers to fast. In brief, the practice of fasting has been common in one form or the other in all human societies and fasting like prayer is an old institution and has been prescribed by many in the past. Among the most important duties for a Muslim fasting is one during the Islamic month of Ramzan, which is the 9th of the 12 months in the Islamic lunar calendar. Before the advent of Islam, fasting was resorted to by way of repentance or penance, or as a mark of mourning, or to celebrate some particular occasion, or to ward off an apprehended danger, or to control a prevailing epidemic, or to gratify and please a deity or to persuade the diety to achieve a certain desired end. The form of fasting also differed. For example, Jews ate only once in 24 (twenty-four) hours. Among Hindus, the restriction applies only to cereals whereas eating of fruits or taking of liquids during fasting is not prohibited. In fact, in ancient faiths and creeds, the objects of fasting were very limited, the intention generally being self-mortification, asceticism or the satisfaction of some other urges. Islam has prescribed fasting for every adult Muslim in the form a month-long period of abstinence accompanied by intensive devotional activity which constitutes the third of the compulsory acts of worship. The month of Ramzan has been fixed for fasting - this month being the month of revelation of the Holy Quran. The word Ramzan (Arabic pronunciation) also called Ramazan, Ramzan or Ramdan, has been derived from Ramd meaning to burn (to burn selfish desires). During fasting, participating Muslims refrain from eating, drinking and sexual activities from dawn to sunset. Fasting is a very effective means of spiritual development for mankind. It is obligatory for each Muslim, apart from some exemptions, to fast in the month of Ramzan. Allah Almighty gradually revealed numerous verses about the month of Ramzan and the rules of fasting. In light of these divine injunctions, Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) expounded the merits of fasting, its significance, regulations, benefits and great reward. Although fasting is binding on every adult Muslim, there are relaxations for one who may be sick or on a journey. Allah Almighty says in the Holy Quran: The month of Ramzan is that in which the Holy Quran was revealed, a guidance to men and clear proofs of the guidance and the distinction; therefore whoever of you is present in the month, he shall fast therein, and whoever is sick or upon a journey, then (he shall fast) a (like) number of other days; Allah desires ease for you, and He does not desire for you difficulty, and (He desires) that you should complete the number and that you should exalt the greatness of Allah for His having guided you and that you may give thanks. (Surah Al- Baqarah, Ayat:185) Many praiseworthy names such as the auspicious month and the best period for the recital of Al-Quran have been mentioned for the month of Ramzan. But the name the month of Allah is the most appropriate for the month of Ramzan. This month is specifically called the month of Allah due to its great importance. Thus this name has in itself endowed this month with a special superiority and a specific spirituality. Fasting, in Arabic, as-Sawm, means abstinence, refraining, to be at rest, and it implies abstention which includes refraining totally from eating, drinking, smoking and sexual intercourse for a certain period of time, generally from dawn to dusk. It means to refrain intentionally from what breaks fasting. After dusk they can eat, drink and have relations. Fasting is not just refraining from food and drink. The purpose of fasting is more spiritual than physical and it is a means of devotion to God as well as self-discipline. Fasting purifies and trains the body and soul together. To carry out the orders of Allah and to attain piety as Almighty says in the Holy Quran: O you who believe! fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may guard (against evil). For a certain number of days; but whoever among you is sick or on a journey, then (he shall fast) a (like) number of other days; and those who are not able to do it may effect a redemption by feeding a poor man; so whoever does good spontaneously it is better for him; and that you fast is better for you if you know. (Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayats:183-184) Allah Almighty has commanded this sanctified duty and enjoined it on the Muslims, as He had enjoined it on the believing nations before. With the advent of the Holy month of Ramzan, Allah bestows His servants with His blessings. A special enlightenment and serenity generate in the spirit of man. For the worshipping of Allah, the purification of the soul, and moral reformation, a special preparedness becomes manifest in those who maintain sawm. On the last Friday of the month of Shaban, the Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) stated the following concerning the magnificence and value of the month of Allah. O people! the month of Allah, along with its blessings and salvation, has revealed itself to you. It is a month which is regarded as the best of all the months by Allah. Its days, nights, and hours are the best of all. It is a month in which you are invited to be the guest of Allah and are entitled to His favour and generosity. In this month, your breathing will have the thawab of tasbih saying Subhanallah (Glory be to Allah) and dhikr and your sleeping will have the thawab of the worship of Allah. If you resort to Allah in this month and worship Him, Allah will grant your prayers. Therefore, with all your truthfulness and sincerity and with a pure heart pray to Allah to grant you His Divine dispensations for having sawm and reciting the Holy Quran, for one who remains deprived of the forgiveness and blessings of Allah in this bountiful and blessed month is indeed unfortunate. It is enjoined that during fasting one should pay attention to remembrance of Allah Almighty and study the Holy Quran in abundance. One should try to curtail ones worldly pastimes as much as possible during Ramzan, and to be particularly inclined towards charity and alms giving. The Holy Quran speaks about fasting: It is made lawful to you to go unto your wives on the night of the fast; they are an apparel for you and you are an apparel for them; Allah knew that you acted unfaithfully to yourselves, so He has turned to you (mercifully) and removed from you (this burden); so now be in contact with them and seek what Allah has ordained for you, and eat and drink until the whiteness of the day becomes distinct from the blackness of the night at dawn, then complete the fast till night, and have not contact with them while you keep to the mosques; these are the limits of Allah, so do not go near them. Thus does Allah make clear His communications for men that they may guard (against evil). Islam is a very considerate religion and fasting is easy. (Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayat:187) Human life is dependent on food and drink and the continuation of the human race depends on the marital relationship. While fasting one refrains from them both, as if bearing witness to God that for His pleasure man gives up the factors (temporarily) upon which his very existence depends. The various other benefits of fasting are that man gets to exercise sacrificing physical comfort and to endure hunger and thirst. Fasting creates a sense of equality between the rich and the poor. By developing an appreciation of hunger and thirst, it makes the well-off think of the needs of the poor and impresses a feeling of compassion in their hearts. It makes them appreciate, through the practicality of it, the state a human being endures when hungry and thirsty. Normally fasting is done for religious and spiritual reasons but it has lot of benefits for health. Fasting achieves a physiological rest to the digestive, assimilative, and protective organs. Next, the bodily energy normally used to digest and assimilate food is now used to purify our body. Fasting is a safe and effective means of maximizing the bodys self-healing capacities. Fasting is very good for the human body as well. It gives the stomach and other organs a rest and alters the blood sugar levels so that excess energy is depleted, and then later renewed. It makes the body lean and the mind open. Fasting is a healthy change to the eating patterns of humans and it is beneficial in many ways. In the month of Ramzan, a Muslims abstaining from food, drink, sexual intercourse, etc., during the prescribed hours is the very manifestation of obedience to the Creators will. This self-deprivation represents a state of self-control and of overcoming carnal pleasure, desire and enjoyment, for the blissful love of Allah, His proximity, and the eagerness to desires. It is a triumph of pristine love over ones pleasures for the eternal ones promised by God, the Almighty. This response to the Divine commandments represents and incarnates true servitude and is a brilliant display of spirit, intellect and decisive willpower. To receive the reward in full without reckoning. Rasulullah (SAW) said: A mans good acts are recompensed many times, from ten times to 700 times. Allah, the Exalted, says But a fast is an exception because it is undertaken simply for My Sake) i.e., there is no limit for its recompense) and I, Alone shall bestow the reward for it. [Muslim 6/2566 to 6/2568] With its specific characteristics, the sawm plays an exceptionally effective role in the liberation of man from the servitude of ambitions, carnal desires and voluptuousness as well as in the purification of the soul from involvement in sinful acts. Rasulullah (SAW) told Hazrat Jabir ibn Abdillah al-Ansari (RA): O Jabir! this is the month of Ramzan and the one who has sawm during the day and stays awake at night to commune with Allah, abstains from eating haram food, and guards against evils and using abusive language, gets out of sins as he leaves the month of Ramzan behind. Hazrat Jabir (RA) said: O Prophet of Allah! what a good news is it! The Holy Prophet (SAW) stated: O Jabir, how demanding and exacting are the conditions for the sawm! By fasting, a Muslim expresses his submission to Allahs command, his response to His will, and control over his own desires and wishes at the Allah Almightys behest. To enter Paradise. Hazrat Abu Umamah (RA) said: I asked the Prophet,O Allahs Messenger! guide me to a deed with which I may enter Paradise. He replied, Observe fasting; there is nothing like it. [An-Nassai, Ibn Hibban, and al-Hakim]. Any body who in this month (Ramzan) cultivates good manners, will walk over the Sirah (Paradises bridge) on the Day when feet will tend to slip.... (Uyun al-Akhbar, al-Rida - Prophets sermon). To enter through the gate of Ar-Rayyan on the Day of Judgement. Rasulullah (SAW) said: There is a gate of Ar-Rayyan on The Day of Resurrection and none except them will enter through it. [Al-Bukahari 3/31/120, Muslim 5/2239 and 5/2240]. By fasting, a person keeps himself from the pleasures of life, with no preventive or hindering factor, except that of obeying Allah Almighty and showing genuine devotion to His commands. A Hadith of Prophet (SAW) succinctly explains this fact: A fasting person is in a state of worship, even when (asleep) in bed, except when he backbites another Muslim. (Al-Kafi, al- Kulayni, The Book of Fasting 3rd Edition, vol.4, p.190) ... Every breath you take is (has the reward of) Tasbih (praise to Allah) and your sleep is worship... (Uyun al-Akhbar al-Rida - the Prophets sermon). In a moving speech, the Prophet of Islam Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) described the believing soul that fasts for love of Allah out of truthfulness and sincerity, and thus the whole day becomes an alter of worship, and each and every activity of the fasting body, provided it abstains from loathsome acts, is nothing but worship embodied. Rasulullah (SAW) described the sleep of a fasting Muslim, even the very breathing, as acts of worship, because they emanate from a body regarded as being in a state of continual worship through abstaining from tasting delicious and lawful things, solely out of obedience to the Creator. He Himself extols fasting and attributes as a special blessing for mankind as is clear from a Hadith-e-Qudsi: Rasulullah (SAW) said: Allah Almighty says: Fasting is (exclusively) for Me and I will reward it. (Al-Bukahari) For Muslims, fasting has a number of benefits: (i) It helps one to feel compassion for those who are less fortunate and underprivileged, since each day Muslims feel greater appreciation for what they have as a result of feeling hunger and thirst. (ii) It allows one to build a sense of self-control and willpower, which can be beneficial throughout life in dealing with temptations and peer pressure. Through fasting, Muslims learn to control their natural urges such as hunger and thirst, and thus are able to better resist temptations for things which are not necessary, such as drugs or other unhealthy or harmful substances and behaviors. (iii) It offers a time for Muslims to purify their bodies as well as their souls, by developing a greater sense of humility, spirituality and community. Ramzan is a very spiritual time for Muslims, and often they invite each other to one anothers homes to break the fast and pray together. A greater sense of generosity and forgiveness is also characteristic of this time. Generally we consume lot of foods daily and burden our body with some unwanted calories in our body which results in accumulation of different toxins in our body which are cause for different diseases. Our body needs process of eliminating or neutralizing toxins through the colon, liver, kidneys, lungs, lymph glands, and skin. This process is precipitated by fasting because when food is no longer entering the body, the body turns to fat reserves for energy. When the fat reserves are used for energy during a fast, it releases the chemicals from the fatty acids into the system, which are then eliminated through our body. Fasting is intended to teach Muslims about patience, humility and spirituality and is a time for Muslims to fast for the sake of Allah and to offer more prayer than usual. During month of Ramzan, Muslims ask forgiveness for past sins, pray for guidance and help in refraining from everyday evils, and try to purify themselves through self-restraint and good deeds. The sawm serves as a strong shield against the fire of the Hell. To get protection from Hell-Fire, Rasulullah (SAW) said: When a person fasts for a day, for the sake of Allah, Allah drives away the Hell-Fire from him to a distance of seventy years of traveling. [Al-Bukahari: 4/52/93 and Muslim 6/2570 to 6/2572] There are several effect and benefits such as purification, rejuvenation, revitalization, and rest for digestive organs, clearer skin, anti-aging effects, improved senses, hearing, taste, and reduction of allergies, weight loss, drug detoxification, and better resistance to disease, spiritual awareness. Fasting is helpful to clear out the problems that have arisen from overeating and a sedentary lifestyle. The process of decomposing and eliminating waste toxic materials can improve or even cure various diseases: cardiovascular and circulatory diseases, diseases of digestive system, diseases of the loco motor system including rheumatism, respiratory system diseases including asthma etc. The inner significance of fasting lies in the fact that it trains the minds of men and women and elevates their moral aptitude. It restrains the passions by abstinence and thus the fast achieves control over the physique and the mind those who keep fast. The fasts restrain man and woman from mere and selfish desires as well as worldly ill thoughts. To expiate ones past sins. Rasulullah (SAW) said: whoever observes Sawm (fasting) during the month of Ramzan, out of sincere faith, and hoping to attain Allahs Rewards, then all his past sins will be forgiven. [Al-Bukahari 1/2/37 and 3/32/231] Fasting can be used to normalize our weight. As our common sense says, weight reduction is achieved by fasting, along with other health benefits. There are many diet programmes using an unbalanced diet that can be dangerous for our health. Carefully planned fasting is a natural way to normalize our body weight. Fasting dissolves all unnecessary and unnatural fat deposits all over the body and the body is relieved of a tremendous burden. When we fast for a few days, the stomach shrinks to its normal size and the hungry feeling gradually fades away. When we go back to the normal diet, we wont have exaggerated hunger and would not overeat. As compared to the solar calendar, the dates of Ramzan vary, moving backwards about ten days each year depending on the moon. Muslims believe Ramzan to be the month in which the first verses of the Holy Quran were revealed to the Prophet of Islam Hazrat Muhammad (SAW). To get the intercession on the Day of Judgment, the Prophet (SAW) said, On the Day of Judgment, fasting and Al-Quran will intercede for the person who observes fast and recites the Holy Quran. [Ahmed] To get a granted invocation (supplication). Rasulullah (SAW) also said: Three kinds of invocations are to be granted; the invocation of the person who observes fast, the invocation of an oppressed person, and the invocation of a traveler. [Al-Silsilah as-Sahiha no. 1797] Fasting is primarily a spiritual discipline aiming Divine nearness. The importance of Siyam in Ramzan is clearly expressed in several sayings of the Prophet (SAW). It is reported by Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA) that the Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) said: He who fasts during Ramzan with faith and seeks his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven; he who prays during the night in Ramzan with faith and seeks his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven; and he who passes Lailat al- Qadr in prayer with faith and seeks his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. (Bukahari and Muslim) Self-control is also learnt from fasting. Fasting helps body in self-regulatory way of functioning. It helps the body to gain back its vitality. Fasting also acknowledges the feeling of appetite and makes us think about poor people in our society thus it also leaves great concern for society in which we live. But always we should keep in mind that after fasting we should not cherish our body with unhealthy food otherwise the purpose of fasting will be ruined as well as there will be bad effects on our health. Fasting in Ramzan is practiced by Muslims all over the world. The most significant aspect of Siyam is the development of Allah-consciousness (Taqwa) in the heart and the soul of a fasting Muslim. One must abstain from immoral behavior and attitude as well. Refraining from food and such is essential during fast but it is not sufficient. Rasulullah (SAW) is reported to have said: If one does not abandon falsehood in words and deeds, Allah has no need for his abandoning of his food and drink. (Al-Bukahari) The practices of Islamic fasting are designed to divert human mind towards righteousness through a process of self-denials. Fasting constitutes a process of self-purification, self-righteousness, and spiritual development of one self. Fasting in Islam is not prescribed to cause undue hardship. Muslims arise early in the morning during the month of Ramzan to have a pre-dawn breakfast meal, known as Suhoor. At the end of the day, the fast is completed by taking the Iftar meal, which usually includes dates, fresh fruits, appetizers, beverages and dinner. Later in the evening, Muslims attend special nightly Taraweeh prayers at their local Masjid. Each night during Holy Ramzan, approximately 1/30th of the Al-Quran is recited in the Taraweeh prayers, so that the entire scripture is recited in the course of the 29 or 30 days of the month. Fasting is also done outside of this month and is considered a very good form of voluntary worship in devotion to God. A voluntary fast can last as many days as the person wills, but it must not fall on an Eid day. Dr. Muhammad Abdul Munim Khan is Assistant Professor of Islamic Academy and Head of the Dept. of Islamic Studies Dawah, Darul Ihsan University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka. Director, Islamic Research Division, Institute of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW). E-mail :[email protected] Fasting during the Holy month of Ramzan is a religious obligation for all Muslims. 1.5 billion Muslims of the world celebrate their holiest month of Ramzan every year. It is an obligation on every adult and healthy Muslim to fast during the Holy month of Ramzan. Fasting is a total abstention from eating, drinking and sexual relations from dawn to dusk for 29 or 30 days of the Holy month of Ramzan. Also, avoiding immoral behavior and anger and showing compassion is part of the requirements of the fasting. This article focuses on the significance and importance of fasting in the Holy month of Ramzan. Fasting is considered to be important to Muslims because the edifice of Islam or Islamic faith is built on five pillars: Shahadah (or the declaration of faith), Salat (prayer five times a day), Sawm (fasting), Zakat (poor-due or paying alms to the needy), and Hajj (the holy pilgrimage to Kabah at Makkah). These five pillars, which constitute the fundamental principles of Islam embracing all the essential factors of ethical laws, evolve into a practical code of life for humanity. They are unique and unrivalled in their spirit and actions and redolent of a spiritual flair for mankind. Ramzan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, rotates round all the seasons of the year and completes a full circle in 36 years, thus allowing the believers to observe fasting under all climatic conditions. Regarding when to start fasting, narrated Hazrat Ibn Umar (RA.): I heard Allahs Apostle (SAW) saying, When you see the crescent (of the month of Ramzan), start fasting, and when you see the crescent (of the month of Shawwal), stop fasting; and if the sky is overcast (and you cant see It) then regard the crescent (month) of Ramzan (as of 30 days). (Bukhari) Surely, the month of Ramdhan has been named so because it scorches away the sins. In another hadith, the Messenger of Allah (SAW) says, Ramzan has come to you. (It is) a month of blessing, in which Allah covers you with blessing, for He sends down Mercy, decreases sins and answers prayers. In it, Allah looks at your competition (in good deeds), and boasts about you to His angels. So show Allah goodness from yourselves, for the unfortunate one is he who is deprived in (this month) of the mercy of Allah, the Mighty, the Exalted. (Tabarani) Hazrat Abu Umamah (RA.) said: I asked: O Messenger of Allah! tell me of an action by which I may enter Paradise. He said: Take to Fasting, there is nothing like it. (Nasaee, Ibn Hibban, Al-Hakim) Fasting, especially during Ramzan is considered to have great spiritual value, and it is believed that fasting will allow you to get closer to Allah by means of Taqwa (piety, being conscious of Allah). Fasting is a means of attaining Taqwa and Taqwa means doing that which Allah has enjoined and avoiding that which He has forbidden. Muslims believe that fasting allows them to appreciate God and how much He does for them, as well as inducing empathy for those less fortunate. The Holy Quran says: O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious). (Fasting) for a fixed number of days, but if any of you is ill or on a journey, the same number (should be made up) from other days. And as for those who can fast with difficulty, (i.e. an old man, etc.), they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a poor person (for every day). But whoever does good of his own accord, it is better for him. And that you fast, it is better for you if only you know. (Surah Al Baqarah:183-184) Gradually, Allah Almighty revealed numerous other verses about the month of Ramzan and the rules of fasting. The month of Ramzan is also the month in which the Holy Quran was revealed to Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) in piecemeal basis over a period of 23 years. The Prophet (SAW) was the most generous amongst the people, and he used to be more so in the month of Ramzan when Gabriel (AS.) visited him, and Gabriel (AS.) used to meet him on every night of Ramzan till the end of the month. The Prophet (SAW) used to recite the Holy Quran to Gabriel (AS.), and when Gabriel (AS.) met him, he used to be more generous than a fast wind (which causes rain and welfare). It has been stated in the Holy Quran: The month of Ramzan in which was revealed the Quran, a guidance for mankind and clear proofs for the guidance and the criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramzan), he must fast that month, and whoever is ill or on a journey, the same number (of days which one did not fast must be made up) from other days. Allah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you. (He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allah for having guided you so that you may be grateful to Him. (Surah Al Baqarah:185) In light of these divine injunctions, Holy Prophet (SAW) expounded the merits of fasting, its significance, regulations, effects, benefits and great reward. Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) said: The month of Ramzan is the month in which Allah, The Mighty, The Glorious, has made fasting obligatory upon you. So one, who fasts in this month in a state of belief and with the intention of recompense, shall become free of his sins just as he was on the day when his mother gave him birth. (Tahdhib al-Ahkam) There are in the month of Ramzan in every day and night those to whom Allah grants freedom from the Fire, and there is for every Muslim an supplication which he can make and will be granted. (Al-Bazzar, Ahmad) Hence, fasting is one of the pillars of Islam and a religious duty for all those who believe in monotheism, and consequently, whoever denies it is an unbeliever. The Prophet (SAW) used to pray (at night) in Ramzan. Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA.) related that the Prophet (SAW) said: Whoever fasts during Ramzan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. Whoever prays during the nights in Ramzan with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. And he who passes Lailat al-Qadr in prayer with faith and seeking his reward from Allah will have his past sins forgiven. (Bukhari and Muslim) Reward of the month of Ramzan: Surely, the month of Ramzan is a great month. Allah Almighty multiplies in it the good deeds, erases in it the sins and elevates in it the ranks. And it (the month of Ramzan) is the month of patience, and surely, the reward of patience is Paradise. Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) was asked: O Prophet of Allah! Which of the two months possesses a greater reward, Rajab or the month of Ramzan? Prophet (SAW) replied: Nothing can be compared to the month of Ramzan in terms of reward. He said: O People! Surely, the month of God has approached you. The month which, in the eyes of Allah, is the most virtuous of the months. Its days are the best of the days and its nights, the best of the nights and its moments, the best of the moments. He also said: It (Ramzan) is the month, whose beginning is mercy, its middle, forgiveness and its end, emancipation from the fire (of hell). (Bihar al-Anwar) Fasting means abstaining not only from eating, drinking and indulging in sexual activity with the spouse from pre-dawn to sunset, but from all kinds of evils and useless activities. In fact, it is the month of seeking Allahs pleasure and praying to Him for ones Salvation. Narrated Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA.): Allahs Apostle (SAW) said, Allah said, All the deeds of Adams sons (people) are for them, except fasting which is for Me, and I will give the reward for it. Fasting is a shield or protection from the fire and from committing sins. If one of you is fasting, he should avoid sexual relation with his wife and quarreling, and if somebody should fight or quarrel with him, he should say, I am fasting. By Him in Whose Hands my soul is The unpleasant smell coming out from the mouth of a fasting person is better in the sight of Allah than the smell of musk. There are two pleasures for the fasting person, one at the time of breaking his fast, and the other at the time when he will meet his Lord; then he will be pleased because of his fasting. (Bukhari)