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30 August, 2017 00:00 00 AM
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A day for charity

Although minimal state involvement was the dominant philosophy of the period, there was still significant government involvement in the shape of statutory regulation and even limited funding
Masihul Huq Chowdhury
A day for charity

We will observe The International Day of Charity on 5th September this year.
In the 2030 Sustainable Act of Development adopted in September 2015, the United Nations recognises that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. The Agenda also calls for a spirit of strengthened global solidarity, focused in particular on the needs of the poorest and most vulnerable. It also acknowledges the role of the diverse private sector, ranging from micro-enterprises to cooperatives to multinationals, and that of civil society organisations and philanthropic organisations in the implementation of the new Agenda. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals set forth in the Agenda can be grouped into six critical areas: people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnership.
They have the potential to transform our lives and our planet by providing the framework needed for philanthropic institutions to enable all people to contribute to the betterment of our world.And yet we have had arguments, continuing right up to this week, when the Charity Commission has published its guidance on how charities might demonstrate the public benefit they deliver. The arguments against have focused mainly on those charities that until now have not had to prove they provide public benefit. For 400 years there has been a presumption that organisations involved in religion, education and the relief of poverty automatically should have charitable status. Now they will have to show what it is that we, the public, get for granting them the tax exemptions that go with that status. If the NSPCC has to prove how it benefits the public, why not every charity?

“Traditional societies…” wrote Jared Diamond describing the iterations of humanity considered a prelude to our own, “…in effect represent thousands of natural experiments in how to construct a human society.” Some of these experiments were more successful than others, and what we have been left with (at this current stage of progress) is a seemingly diverse and flourising civilisation underscored by the unrelenting growth of economic monoculture.
The legal definition of a charitable organization (and of charity) varies according to the country and in some instances the region of the country in which the charitable organization operates. The regulation, the tax treatment, and the way in which charity law affects charitable organizations also vary.
Financial figures (e.g. tax refund, revenue from fundraising, revenue from sale of goods and services or revenue from investment) are important indicators to assess the financial sustainability of a charity, especially to charity evaluator. This information can impact a charity's reputation with donors and societies, and thus the charity's financial gains.

It was in the Enlightenment Era that charitable and philanthropic activity among voluntary associations and rich benefactors became a widespread cultural practice. Societies, and mutual associations began to flourish in England and the upper-classes increasingly adopted a philanthropic attitude toward the disadvantaged. This new social activism was channeled into the establishment of charitable organizations; these proliferated from the middle of the century.This emerging upper-class fashion for benevolence resulted in the incorporation of the first charitable organisations. Captain Coram appalled by the number of abandoned children living on the streets of London set up the Foundling Hospital  in 1741 to look after these unwanted orphans in Lamb's Conduit Fields, Bloomsbury  This was the first such charity in the world and served as the precedent for incorporated associational charities everywhere. Jonas Hanway, another notable philanthropist of the era established The Marine Society  in 1756 as the first seafarer's charity, in a bid to aid the recruitment of men to the navy. By 1763, the Society had recruited over 10,000 men and it was incorporated by an Act of Parliament in 1772. Hanway was also instrumental in establishing the Magdalen Hospital to rehabilitate prostitutes. . These organisations were funded by subscription and run as voluntary associations.
They raised public awareness of their activities through the emerging popular press and were generally held in high social regard - some charities received state recognition in the form of the royal charter. Charities at the time, including the Charity Organisation Act (est. 1869) tended to discriminate between the 'deserving poor' who would be provided with suitable relief and the 'underserving' or 'improvident poor' who were regarded as the cause of their woes through their idleness. They also tended to be against the state provision of welfare, due to its perceived demoralising effect.  
Although minimal state involvement was the dominant philosophy of the period, there was still significant government involvement in the shape of statutory regulation and even limited funding.
 

Philanthropy became a very fashionable activity among the expanding middle classes in Britain and America. Octavia Hill and John  Ruskin were an important force behind the development of social housing and Andrew Carnegie exemplified the large scale philanthropy of the newly rich in industrialised America. In Gospel of Wealth (1889), Carnegie wrote about the responsibilities of great wealth and the importance of social justice. He established public libraries throughout the English-speaking countries as well as contributing large sums to schools and universities.
There are lot of activities surrounding Corporate Social Responsibility, whereby a Corporate House engages itself in its own way to keep a social commitment. Charity on the other hand is the contribution of an individual or a group of person through private initiative or a Charitable Organisation to help a certain group of destitute people. The role of charity and charitable organisations are ever more felt when some natural catastrophe strike or civil unrests like war or civil commotion.
On this day we profoundly remember all the charity workers who sacrificed their lives or comfort for the selfless act to help people in distress.

The writer, a banker by profession, has worked both in local and overseas market with various foreign and local banks in different positions

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Published by the Editor on behalf of Independent Publications Limited at Media Printers, 446/H, Tejgaon I/A, Dhaka-1215.
Editorial, News & Commercial Offices : Beximco Media Complex, 149-150 Tejgaon I/A, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh. GPO Box No. 934, Dhaka-1000.

Editor : M. Shamsur Rahman
Published by the Editor on behalf of Independent Publications Limited at Media Printers, 446/H, Tejgaon I/A, Dhaka-1215.
Editorial, News & Commercial Offices : Beximco Media Complex, 149-150 Tejgaon I/A, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh. GPO Box No. 934, Dhaka-1000.

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